高一英语必修2第一单元知识点：Cultural relics
许多国家在基础教育发展战略中，都把英语教育作为公民素质教育的重要组成部分，并将其摆在突出的地位。常梦网为大家推荐了高一英语必修2第一单元知识点，请大家仔细阅读，希望你喜欢。
1. include vt 包括;包含
Price $14.90, postage included. 价格14.90美元，邮资包括在内。
He had included a large number of funny stories in the speech.
他在讲话中加进了许多引人发笑的故事。
1)including为介词，后接名词、代词作宾语。
There were six people in the room, including 3 women.房间里有六个人，包括三个妇女。
2)included为过去分词充当的形容词，无比较级和最高级，其前常用名词或代词。
It is reported that nine people were killed in the aircrash. an American included.
据报道九个人在坠机事件中丧生, 包括一个美国人在内。
3)比较 include，contain
include作“包含”解时，其后的宾语只是整体的一部分。
Contain作此意解时，其后的宾语指的是整体的全部。
Six were killed, including a boy.连一个男孩在内，共有六个人死亡。
Our textbooks contains twelve units.我们的教科书包括十二个单元。
2. restore vt
1) 归还 to restore stolen property 归还赃物
2)恢复;复兴 to restore law and order 恢复法律和秩序
3)恢复健康;复原 restored after one's holiday 假期之后健康恢复了
3. rebuildv. 再建;重建 rebuild a house after the fire.火灾后重建房子。
注意：re-前缀，加在动词或名词前。“重新”。如：rewrite, reopen, revisit, remake, reprint, reread.
4. burnvi, vt burnt 或 burned, burning
1) 燃烧 The house is burning. 房子烧起来了。
2) 发光;照亮 a light burning 灯光亮着
3) 发热;炙热 the burning sand 炙热的沙子
4) 热衷 She is burning to tell you the news. 她急于要告诉你这消息。
Everybody is burning to know the good news.大家都急于想知道这则好消息。
5) 烧伤;烧坏;烧毁 He burnt all his papers. 他烧毁了(他)所有的文件。
n. 烧伤 burns on her hand 手部的烧伤 burn up (因热度过高)烧坏; 快速旅行;赶路to burn up the road 赶路
5. beauty n.
1) 美，美貌 a flower of great beauty 一朵非常美丽的花
2) 美人;美的事物 Your daughter is quite a beauty. 你的女儿很漂亮。
3) 极好的(或极坏的)人或事物
That black eye you got in the fight is a real beauty! 你那被打得乌青的眼睛可真漂亮喔!
6. photographvt 照相;为…而拍照
We photographed the school team. 我们给校队照了个相。
1)n.照片, 相片;逼真的印象[描绘]
2)have [get] one's photograph taken(=sit [pose]for one's photograph)请人拍照
3)have a photograph taken with和... 合影; take a photograph of拍摄
She has had no photographs of herself taken since her marriage.自从结婚后她一直没拍过照片。
7. damage n
1) 损失;损害，损坏
The storm did a lot of damage to the crops. 暴风雨使庄稼受到了很大损失。
2)(前面与the连用)价钱
What are the damage for the wash job of my car? 清洗我的车要多少钱?
3) (pl) 赔偿费 to claim damages索赔
The court awarded ￡500 in damages to the injured. 法庭判给受伤者500英镑的赔偿费。
vt 损害，损坏;使受损失
The earthquake damaged several buildings. 地震使一些建筑受到了破坏。
8. project n计划;设计
an impossible project 不可能实施的计划
a project to build a new road 建一条新路的规划
1) 突出;使突出
The wall is projected in the middle. 这堵墙壁在中部凸出。
His eyebrows project noticeably. 他的眉毛特别突出。
2) 投掷;扔;发射; 扩散
A singer must learn to project his voice so as to be heard in a large hall.
"歌手必须学会把声音送得远,使会堂里的人都听得见。"
3) 表现(自己);突出(自己)
A politician must project himself if he wants to win an election.
政治家如想赢得选举胜利必须表现自己。
9. official adj
1) 官方的; 正式的
The mass media demanded that all the official documents concerning the sale of this land be made public. 大众媒体要求公布有关出售这块土地的全部正式文件。
2)an official letter 公函; official price 官方牌价;
an official title 官衔; official news官方消息
Although the retired architects of the party do not occupy any official positions, they have a lot of authority. 虽然党的缔造者们现在不担任正式职务,但他们很有一些影响。
3)n. 官员; 公务员
an official in the department of health 卫生部门的官员
10. breathn
1) 呼吸;气息 a deep breath 深呼吸
Let me get my breath back. 让我喘口气。
How long can you hold your breath? 你能屏住气多长时间?
2) 微风 hardly a breath of air 几乎没有一点风
3)习惯用语：catch one's breath屏息;歇一口气：hold one's breath屏息;take breath歇息
waste one's breath白费口舌;take one's breath away 目瞪口呆;大为惊讶
The original picture of the unknown ancient painter took my breath away.
那幅不知名古代画家的真迹使我惊讶不止。
11．lie躺;位于
注意：过去式,过去分词为lay;lain
lie 撒谎;过去式,过去分词为lied;lied
lay 摆放;产卵;下蛋;过去式.过去分词为laid;laid
12、run
(1)run into some place向(某空间)冲进去。
He ran to the hospital, went upstair and rushed into the ward.
他跑向医院，上了楼房，然后冲进了病房。
(2)run to do sth.跑去干……
We ran to help her out of the ditch. 我们跑过去帮忙她从水沟上来。
(3)run away 是不及物动词短语“跑掉”之意。
Don’t run away ,I have something to tell you.不要跑了，我有事要告诉你。
13、Breath是名词，“呼吸、气息”，有可数和不可数两种形式。
1)Take a deep breath.深深地吸一口气。
2)Take breath 歇一歇，喘口气
3)Hold one’s breath 屏息，弊住气
4)Out of breath 上气不接下气
Out of breath,they stopped at the top of mountain. 他们在山顶停下来时，已是上气不接下气。
He took a deep breath and then dove into the water.
他深深地吸了一口气，然后跳入水里。
14、Pull
1) Pull sth .down /pull down sth .是“拆毁”的意思，其反义短语是：
2)Pull ……out of 把……拉出来。
3)Pull ……up from 把……拉上来。
Let’t pull the net out of the water.让我们把网从水中拉出。
The children pulled the boat up from the fiver.小孩把船从河里拉了上来。
1. give in屈服，投降让步;屈服;上交;支撑不住
He would rather die than give in.他宁死不屈。
Though he failed to make money and had met with a lot of difficulties, he never gave in.
尽管他没有挣到钱，还碰到许多困难，但他绝不屈服。
注意：give up放弃做……,投降
I’ve given up the idea. Don’t mention it again! 我已经放弃这个想法了，别再提了。
2. in ruins成为废墟，严重受损
An earthquake left the whole town in ruins.那次地震过后，全城到处是残垣断壁。
His career is/lies in ruins. 他已前途尽毁。
3. bring…back to life使苏醒
The farmer put the frozen snake near the fire to bring it back to life.农民把冻僵的蛇
放在火边，以便使它苏醒。
4. pull down拆毁;推毁;推翻
to pull down an old house 拆毁一所旧房子
The cinema she used to visit had been pulled down.她以前常去的那家电影院被拆了。
5．bring back拿回退换;使某人返回;恢复
The dress I bought here the other daydoesn t fit. May I bring it back tomorrow?
Wei Mingzhi determined to bring back the boy who had run away from school.
6。run into除表示“向……地方跑去”外，还有些常见的用法。
(1)run into sth.遇到或撞及某物
I ran into a thick fog in the airport in the morning. 一大早，我在机场遇到浓雾。
She ran her into a tree while reversing. 她倒车时，撞着了一棵树。
(2)run into sb.偶然碰到，(使汽车)撞及某人
The thief rna into a policeman.小偷撞上了警察。
He did’t expect to run into so many of his friends. 他没料到会碰到这么多的朋友。
1. Where there is a river, there is a city.有河流的地方就有城市。
Where在这里引导的是地点状语从句，相当于介词in/ at/ to + the place + where从句9定语从句)，意思是“在……地方”。 例如：
Where there is smoke, there is fire.无风不起浪;事出有因。
He lives where the climate is mild.他住在气候温暖的地方。
2. It was under attack for 900 days, but the people of the city never gave in.城市被德军围攻达900天之久，但是当地人民从未屈服。
Under attack遭到攻击，常与be动词连用。这里的介词under作“经受或遭受”、“在…的过程中”等解释，前接be动词，后跟名词，有时表达进行时态的意思。
The road is under repair and is closed to motor traffic.此路在修，禁止机动车辆通行。
As the matter is under discussion, I can’t give you a definite answer now.因为这件事还
在讨论中，所以现在还不能明确答复你。
3. Restoring the city and its cultural relics seemed impossible, but the people of this great city would not give up.看来要恢复城市和它的文化遗迹原貌是不可能办的事，但是这座伟大的城市的人民决不肯放弃。
seem 的用法：
1)seem 后可接形容词、名词、不定式、分词或介词短语等作表语。
He seems quite pleased with your work.看来他对你的工作还是挺满意的。
2)seem后接to be，注意to be的省略情况。
Tom came to see you this morning. He seemed (to be)tired.
汤姆今天上午来看你，他看上去很疲惫。
Yesterday I met a man who seemed (to be)the famous director.
昨天我碰到了一个男人，好像是位著名的导演。
I spoke to a tall man who seemed to be the boss.(to be不能省略)
我和一位看起来像是老板的人谈了话。注：当名词前没有修饰语时，to be不能省略。
3)There seems (to be)好像有，似乎有。
There seems (to be) something the matter with your laptop computer.
这台手提电脑好像出故障了。
4)It seems后接that或as if从句，引导词 that/as if有时可省略。
It seems (as if) there will be an election soon.似乎不久就要举行选举了。
It seems to me that he is right. 我认为他是对的。
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